КОНСТИТУЦІЙНІ ПРОЦЕСИ В РОСІЙСЬКІЙ ФЕДЕРАЦІЇ: РЕФЕРЕНДУМ 25 КВІТНЯ 1993 РОКУ ТА РОЛЬ КОНСТИТУЦІЙНОГО СУДУ РФ

Хаврук І.А. (2013) КОНСТИТУЦІЙНІ ПРОЦЕСИ В РОСІЙСЬКІЙ ФЕДЕРАЦІЇ: РЕФЕРЕНДУМ 25 КВІТНЯ 1993 РОКУ ТА РОЛЬ КОНСТИТУЦІЙНОГО СУДУ РФ. Панорама політологічних студій, 2013: Вип. 11. с. 151-159.

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Анотація

Стаття присвячена аналізу ролі інститутів референдуму та Конституційного Суду у конституційних процесах Російської Федерації. Звертається увага на їх значення в цих процесах з огляду на протистояння виконавчої та законодавчої влад.

Статья посвящена анализу роли институтов референдума и Конституционного Суда в конституционных процессах Российской Федерации. Обращается внимание на их значение в этих процессах с учетом противостояния исполнительной и законодательной властей.

The main subject of the following article is the analysis of referendum institutions and Constitutional Court role in constitutional processes of the Russian Federation considering executive and legislative power opposition.
The main problem of a new constitution creation was the problem of authority distribution between the executive and legislative branches of government. Implementation of a president position in Russia has not caused complex re-examination of all relations of supreme government authorities causing power differences in the sphere of political and socioeconomic problems solving. A new for the political system of Russia Constitutional Court institution has been deemed better, than a head of the state institution being in the state of permanent opposition with the legislative branch, as, even considering the term of a parliamentary republic, the powers of the Russian parliament were rather wide. The advantage of the parliament in the constitutional process would be in existing monopoly to adopt constitution. Nevertheless, the referendum of April 25th, 1993 on trust to the president and parliament, predetermined by the opposition of branches of government as to current political issues, has broken the monopoly. The referendum results were not obliging, but they have been used to legitimate presidential power in order to influence its further institutionalization – in a new constitution. After the referendum B. Yeltsin has presented his own variant of a constitution project. In the conditions of constitutional opposition the results of the April 25th, 1993 referendum have become the so called accelerator of both. October political crisis and introducing of a new constitutional form of government via adopting Constitution of the Russian Federation during the referendum on December 12th, 1993, using an extraparliamentary method. Let us admit that in new Constitution institutional characteristics of Constitutional Court that itself in the conditions of opposition of branches of government during the constitutional process tried to fully perform the main functions of a constitutional control according to state by the legislation powers were learned.

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