ІНСТИТУТ РЕФЕРЕНДУМУ В ТЕОРІЯХ ДЕМОКРАТІЇ

Валюх Л.І. (2013) ІНСТИТУТ РЕФЕРЕНДУМУ В ТЕОРІЯХ ДЕМОКРАТІЇ. Панорама політологічних студій, 2013: Вип. 10. с. 214-220.

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Анотація

У статті проаналізовано референдум як демократичний інститут політичної системи. Обґрунтовано, що громадяни можуть і повинні вирішувати суспільно-політичні проблеми шляхом референдуму. Саме демократична політична система має найбільше ресурсів для реалізації такої можливості.

В статье проанализирован референдум как демократический институт политической системы. Обосновано, что граждане могут и должны решать общественно-политические проблемы путем референдума. Именно демократическая политическая система имеет наибольшее количество ресурсов для реализации такой возможности.

In the article referendum as a democratic institution of a political system has been analyzed. Democracy implements and shows its nature and peculiarity via direct democracy institutions, one of which is a referendum itself.
In the article the basics of a liberal democracy theory, elite democracy theory, pluralistic democracy conception and participation democracy theory has been showed. The above-mentioned theories reflect two main approaches to political participation. On one hand, political participation must be minimized in order to concentrate decisionsupport tools in hands of competent people able to effectively maintain democratic values. On the other hand, broad political participation is one of the best ways to legitimate political authority, provide competitiveness and avoid violence while making political decisions. Direct democracy institutions are treated with higher priority, as, on one hand, they technically correspond to the people power ideals the most, on the other – help to study in practice their use results.
It has been proved that citizens are quite competent in solving of socio-political problems with the help of a referendum, and democratic political system itself possesses the greatest amount of resources to realize such an opportunity, as competence, as it is, is an acquired feature.
A referendum institution still possesses a number of defects peculiar to democracy as a social phenomenon. In the conclusion – the following institution is either too idealized, or is treated negatively from the same perspectives – its democratic character. The tendency of greater referendum use, taking place since the second half of XX century, is the reason to admit a real opportunity to overcome most negative events occurring in the process of realization by citizens their own will expression right.

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